Solar power electricity is the electricity from sun. The sun is an abundant source of light energy or ‘photo’ energy on earth. This photo energy gets converted to electrical energy in certain chemical compounds. These chemicals (mostly oxides), possess a certain physical characteristic that makes this phenomenon possible. This distinct physical property is known by the name of semi conduction and the electricity thus produced is known as ‘photo’ electricity. It is also otherwise called solar power electricity.
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The special devices employed for this purpose are called photo electric cells. Semiconducting compounds like crystalline silicate, amorphous silicate and gallium arsenate are used in the manufacture of modules of photoelectric cells. Amorphous silicate or A-Si is considered more effective than its crystalline counterpart and is mostly used in the commercial photo voltaic modules. The Arsenate photo voltaic cells are different from their silica counterparts. Instead of semi conduction, the arsenate cells use a process called molecular beam epitaxy to manufacture direct current. Solar power electricity has found extensive application in widespread fields like fuelling of rockets, plant research, military applications and daily household utilities.
Besides the commercial panels, solar cells can be made in home by using a simple copper plate. The semi conducting property of red cuprous oxide of copper is utilized for the purpose. Copper actually has two oxides. One is the non-photoelectric black cupric oxide. And, the other one is the aforesaid cuprous one.
A single solar power cell typically consists of a translucent cover glass and a semiconducting material inside it. The sides of the glass are often coated with a non reflective paint. The two surfaces of the semiconductor are the two polarities of the cell. The cells are so arranged that they receive maximum exposure to sunlight. Whatever the technology of the solar cells are, be it molecular beam epitaxy or semi conduction, the basic idea behind is always the material’s reaction to photons. And, what is a photon? A photon is the name given to the sub atomic, electromagnetically charged unit of light. Light is actually considered as travelling in bundles of photons.
Many such solar cells can be connected in a series combination to produce a required amount of electricity. The solar power electricity is produced without the burning of any sort of fossil fuel and can be used for all practical purposes.
The direct current thus produced in the cells can be changed to alternating current by a special inverter called grid tie inverter. This direct current is fed directly into the utility grid . an interesting thing to know that the consumer is sometimes entitled to receive a compensation from the utility grid authority for feeding extra electricity in public utility grids. This unique service related to solar power electricity is known as ‘back metering’.
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